Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are immune-mediated neurological disorders that can affect any part of the nervous system, occur in association with cancer, and are often supported by the presence of specific neuronal autoantibodies.
Neuronal autoantibodies are classified as high-, intermediate-, or low-risk for paraneoplastic aetiology. The intermediate-risk group shows a cancer association of 30–70%, while low-risk antibodies have a <30% association. In general, intermediate- and low-risk antibodies are pathogenic and patients often respond well to immunosuppressive therapy.
Autoantibodies against the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPA1/2R) are markers of autoimmune neuronal disease such as limbic encephalitis. Their association with small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and thymoma is >50%. A paraneoplastic origin is more likely when other onconeural antibodies are simultaneously present.
For neuronal autoantibodies with intermediate or low-risk phenotypes, testing should be performed in parallel on serum and cerebrospinal fluid.
Serum, EDTA plasma, heparin plasma, citrate plasma, CSF
IFA cells
Fasting for at least 8-12 hours before sampling
Refer to the Health Service Charter to check storage conditions
+2/+8°C
This test provides the quantitative determination of total tau protein to support the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease.
This test provides the quantitative determination of tau protein phosphorylated at threonine 181 (pTau181), to support the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease.
Test for the determination of human autoantibodies against NMDAR to support the diagnosis of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes with an intermediate-risk phenotype.
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