This laboratory assay detects IgG autoantibodies against Kelch-like protein 11 (KLHL11). KLHL11 is a component of an E3 ubiquitin–protein ligase complex involved in protein ubiquitination. It is expressed intracellularly in the testes and in specific brain regions. Given this intracellular localisation, the antibodies are considered surrogate markers of cytotoxic T-cell–mediated neuronal injury rather than direct effectors of neuronal death.
Anti-KLHL11 antibodies are associated with paraneoplastic autoimmune rhomboencephalitis, typically linked to testicular seminoma. The disease presents with neurological symptoms such as vertigo, ataxia, diplopia, tinnitus, hearing loss and other cerebellar/CNS disturbances. Neurological symptoms often precede the diagnosis of the testicular tumour, making anti-KLHL11 testing valuable for early identification of this paraneoplastic syndrome. A positive result supports the diagnosis of paraneoplastic encephalitis and guides the search for an occult seminoma. Detecting anti-KLHL11 antibodies has important clinical implications, enabling the timely initiation of immunomodulatory and oncologic therapies and potentially improving both neurological and oncological outcomes.
Serum, plasma, CSF
IFA cells
Fasting for at least 8-12 hours before sampling
Refer to the Health Service Charter to check storage conditions
+2/+8°C
This test provides the quantitative determination of total tau protein to support the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease.
This test provides the quantitative determination of tau protein phosphorylated at threonine 181 (pTau181), to support the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease.
Test for the determination of human autoantibodies against NMDAR to support the diagnosis of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes with an intermediate-risk phenotype.
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