SARDs are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by dysregulation of the immune system, that starts to turn against the body’s own tissues. Major SARDs include systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis and Sjögren’s syndrome. These diseases can affect multiple organs and share common symptoms such as fatigue, fever, joint pain and skin rash. Diagnosis relies on a combination of clinical assessment and specific autoantibody tests. Early diagnosis is crucial to initiate appropriate therapy and slow down disease progression.
PCNA is an intranuclear protein essential for DNA replication and repair. Anti-PCNA antibodies belong to the antinuclear antibody group and were historically considered a rare but highly specific marker for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). More recent evidence now indicates that their sensitivity and specificity for SLE are lower than initially assumed, except in cases with very high titers. The presence of anti-PCNA antibodies is not exclusive to SLE and may also occur in other autoimmune, infectious, or neoplastic conditions. In SLE patients, anti-PCNA positivity appears to be associated with more severe renal involvement.
Serum, EDTA plasma, heparin plasma, citrate plasma
Immunoblot
Fasting for at least 8-12 hours before sampling
Refer to the Health Service Charter to check storage conditions
+2/+8°C
This test provides the quantitative determination of total tau protein to support the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease.
This test provides the quantitative determination of tau protein phosphorylated at threonine 181 (pTau181), to support the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease.
Test for the determination of human autoantibodies against NMDAR to support the diagnosis of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes with an intermediate-risk phenotype.
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